Wednesday, 9 October 2013

Extended Blog Post: Week 6 Employment in the Blogosphere

"Didn't think my personal page/opinion of my day would get so much attention. What a lesson to learn. I've removed the post and regret making the comments I did." This was Lily Fontana's, the infamous make up artists apology after criticising the former Prime Minister Kevin Rudd's behaviour towards her on Facebook. Ms Fontana was quite scathing towards the PM on her Facebook page stating "One of them was absolutely lovely, engaged in genuine conversation with me, acknowledge that I had a job to do and was very appreciative. The other did the exact opposite! Oh boy, I have ever had anyone treat me so badly." Ms Fontana is an example of how many individuals these days are treating the blogosphere as their personal diaries and using the forum to be cynical towards their place of work. Thanks to Globalisation we are changing the ways in which we communicate with one another or talk about our day  to day lives. With blogging becoming more popular, and work being a popular topic to talk about, people continue to find themselves in hot water over particularly negative comments they make in relation to the work place. James Richards and Katarzyna Kosmala suggest that "being cynical about work can give an employee a sense of control and attachment to their own occupation" and that "blogs appear to represent an opportunity to share" (2013).

Lily Fontanas original post about the ex PM
Source: ttp://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/


Despite the numerous reports from the  fourth estate on how individuals are being punished from their employers for posting critical stories online about their place of work, people still continue to feel the need to air their grievances on blogs instead of speaking to a union or management. Yet as Ellis and Richards uncovered, employees are drawn to blogging about the work place "because these online forums offers a form of voice other then that provided by trade unions" (2009) and that in some cases anonymity can be used so the employees feel safe.  According to Schoneboom "studies have shown that employees can detach themselves from the pressures of employment  by making the use blogging platforms" (2007). Blogging can be psychologically cathartic for an individual however the negativity from some blogs can have a great impact on employee relationships which will be further explored. But due to this cynicism towards the work place some good has come from it. From the vast media coverage and attention from people blogging about work it "has lead to intense online discussions about the defence of employee rights" (Schoneboom, 2011) with many online forums now dedicated to this topic. You could call it slacktivism as it is questionable how change is occurring from being cynical these forums yet these discussions have allowed researchers to further help explain why people feel this need to vent about work online. 

So why do it? Why risk your career on a Facebook post? Mark Jen landed a dream role at Google but was fired after 2 weeks due to his revealing blog posts. He wrote about Google's orientation program, hinted about new products and described in detail a drunken Google sponsored party. Jen wrote the posts for friends and family as he moved away from home and wanted them to keep up to date with his new job, however he obviously hadn't considered that Google themselves along with their competitors could also easily access the posts too. Because blogging is not a typical form of "corporate culture" (Richards 2013) people feel as if their blogging posts are unlikely to have very little implications. As Richards and Kosmala uncover through their research "cynicism can lead to the employee developing a deeply held sense of detachment from corporate culture initiates and a closer connection with their occupation". Is Globalisation to blame for this detachment from corporate culture and as our population continues to become more and more online everyday are we bringing our casual online approach into our work setting? Although becoming closer to your occupation is positive and affirming, what kind of attitude can be expected from the next generation towards the corporate world? How explicit will individuals work blogs become if boundaries are not seen as important?

We talk about the implications of employees posting content about their place of work or even explicit personal content, but what are the consequences for the employer and the organisation? If an employee discloses private information about the company online or "say derogatory things about co workers and supervisors" (Rosenberg et.al, 2008) it could be extremely damaging for relationships within the organisations and the relationship between the company and their customers. An example of this would be when the Lacoste salesman Wade Groom was dismissed after posting on Instagram a picture of his payslip. Many organisations have  social media guidelines in place in an attempt to prevent employees from talking about their business online,  many of them being strict and have zero tolerance.  Lacoste has confidentiality agreements in place however  Groom wasn't exactly aware of this "I guess I signed a confidentiality agreement with something about social media, but who reads those?".Confidentiality agreements in relation to social media are a solution to my previous question on setting boundaries but as Rosenberg points out "employers need to be aware in taking action against employees who blog" (2008). In America in particular, employers must be careful to not impose on the employees right to free speech which is an Amendment right and could be held liable for retaliating. Yet also, if this employee is no longer under contract with a company, they could continue to post online confidential information on the organisation out of spite. At the speed in which we communicate these days, the media would be able to publish the confidential information before the organisation could cover it up proving a very messy situation. Therefore, there must be caution from both parties when dealing with online behaviour, especially as blogging is such a recent phenomenon that many are unaware as to how to deal with it. 

Wade Groom's Instagram Post about his payslip
Those seeking employment must also be cautious about how they present themselves social networking sites and personal blogs. According to Elizabeth Rita and Eric Gunning "some employers do a blog search on potential job candidates to see if they have blogs"(2007). Although employers must take into consideration anti discrimination laws there is still the chance that the content on the individuals blog will deter them enough to not hire them. Therefore avid bloggers must always think twice before they post, because what they say could effect them in present and potential future careers. Once its on the Internet it will always be there. There are positive examples about work blogging such as Wal Mart in America using bloggers for marketing purposes. Wal Mart will provide these bloggers with good news about the company which will then be released into the blogosphere before the traditional media find out the information.h This shows how blogs could prove a useful communication tool for companies, internally or externally, and the more aware organisations are about blogs the better. And what about people who have created careers from blogging? The Sydney Fashion Blogger, who has over 58,000 likes on Facebook and is followed by the Kardashians on Instagram, has paved a career as a stylist for celebrities and has worked at major fashion magazines all from blogging online about her style. She is the epitome of globalisation with a massive international following tuning into her blog to discover the latest fashion trends. This just proves how "blogging is on the rise" (Rita et.al, 2007) and if utilised correctly could make you quite successful. 

Sydney Fashion Blogger in Greece
Source: Facebook.com/sydneyfashionblogger
It is inevitable that we are becoming an online society to some extent. As globalisation continues to expand to all corners of the earth we are changing the ways in which we communicate and the blogosphere is becoming predominant for many individuals. People must be aware of the risks each time they share a blog post, whether it be about a drunken night out or a scathing comment about a colleague. However, there are also many positive examples about blogging that needs to be focused on too. Just remember to think twice before you hit "post".

References: 

Richards, J., and Kosmala, K., 2013 ‘In the end, you can only slag people off for so long’: employee cynicism through work blogging’, New Technology, Work and Employment, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 68 – 77. 

Top Lacoste Salesman Posts Paycheck On Instagram, Gets Fired - Careers Articles. 2013. Available at:http://jobs.aol.com/articles/2013/08/07/top-lacoste-salesman-proudly-shows-paycheck-online-gets-fired/.

Make-up artist Lily Fontana slams"rude" Kevin Rudd after People's Forum thetelegraph.com.au. 2013. Available at:http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/special-features/makeup-artist-lily-fontana-slams-8216rude8217-kevin-rudd-after-people8217s-forum/story-fnho52jp-1226701851346. 

Kane, D,Rosenberg, D, 2008. EMPLOYMENT AND THE BLOGOSPHERE: RISKS FOR EMPLOYER IN THE NEW COMMUNICATION ERA.. Defense Counsel Journal, Vol. 75, p174-177..
 
Rita, E, Gunning, E, 2007. Navigating the Blogosphere in the Workplace--The Blogosphere or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Blog.. Computer & Internet Lawyer, Vol. 24, p26-33..

Saturday, 21 September 2013

Week 9: Bollywood meets Hollywood


In 2004, Christina Klein wrote that the Hollywood and Asian film industries were becoming "closely integrated" therefore "leading to the denationalisation of individual films and film industries on both sides of the Pacific". I believe that Klein's views are valid as this past decade has produced a number of successful films combining Hollywood and Asian styles of cinema. 

For example, in Slumdog Millionaire a teenager who grew up in the slums goes on the Indian version of "Who Wants to be a Millionaire". After he wins the money he is arrested under the suspicion that he cheated, which then takes us on the journey on how he knows the answers to the questions and his quest to find the love of his life. Slumdog Millionaire integrated Western culture by using the well known television show "Who wants to be a Millionaire" with the Asian setting of the Indian slums. The cast of Slumdog Millionaire were all of an Asian descent however the lead actor Dev Patel had already left his mark on Western television by having a role in the well known British series "Skins". Overall the film won 114 awards including 8 Oscars showing how it appealed to an international audience. 





Sourcehttp://www.imdb.com/title/tt1010048/


Another example of Bollywood and Hollywood infusion would be the 2004 remake of the classic Jane Austen novel "Pride and Prejudice". This novel has been adapted for the screen several times however this particular remake was set in India and had a strong Bollywood influence. with the tagline of the film being "Bollywood meets Hollywood, and its a perfect match". Director Gurinda Chadha, who has directed other films such as "Bend it like Beckham" which also integrated Western and Asian film industries, used major Bollywood stars in the film such as Aishwarya Rai and Naveen Andrews from "Lost", with very few "Western" actors. But because the story was so familiar to the Western Culture it was incredibly successful regardless of whether the actors were well known or not. 

Source: en.wikipedia.org 

So what could explain this integration of cultures on film? Critics of Globalisation use the Cultural Imperialism Model, which states that America has a desire for dominance and to "homogenise the worlds film culture" (Klein, 2004). Or simply, the fascination with other cultures and the need to project it to a wider audience.  Either way, Klein's observation on the integration of Asian and Western film industries has sustained a decade later,  and these industries will continue to integrate in the future. 

References: 

Slumdog Millionaire (2008) - IMDb. 2013. Author Unknown. Available at: http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1010048/

Klein, C, 2004. Martial Arts and the Globalization of US and Asian Film Industries. Comparative American Studies, Vol. 2, 360-384. 

Monday, 16 September 2013

Week 8: The Rise of Celebrity through Social Media


Although the question may ask "how have celebrities changed in response to the rise of social media?" I think the more pressing question is who can be classed as a celebrity in the first place? How has social media created a new batch of celebrities and changed the definition of celebrity?

Due to  globalisation and the popularity of social networking sites, it is easy for everyday individuals to simply post something online which can then catapult them into stardom. Marshall defines a Celebrity as "a particularly powerful and persuasive trope for contemporary culture" (2013). These days you don't necessarily need to have talent to become a celebrity (Sorry Kardashian Family) but it is more a case of how people can become famous as a result of the rise of social media and how they can utilise these sites to further their fame. For example, the YouTube sensation Jenna Marbles was sharing a three bedroom house in Massachusetts whilst working four jobs to pay the rent each month. After her first video called "Drunk Make Up Tutorial" went viral she she now lives in 1 million dollar house in California, her YouTube videos get at least five million hits each time and has more Instagram followers then Oprah. Social Media has the power to create celebrities and change lives.



Jenna Marbles found fame through YouTube
Source: twitter.com


For the Celebrities who were already famous before the social media rise utilise these online platforms to further promote their brand. That brand being themselves. Marshall describes this as a "specular economy" (2010) as the celebrity culture continues to expand to more platforms then ever. A celebrity making the most of the powers of social media would be the ever controversial Miley Cyrus. After that VMA's performance and her recent, drastic transformation, Miley has blown up the online world gaining more popularity then ever. Due to her antics on and offline her latest single "Wrecking Ball" has broken the Vevo record for fastest views in six days, which reached over a hundred million views. Her strong online presence on a range of sites has boosted her stardom and her record sales. proving the power of social media 


Miley Cyrus' Twitter Feed after "Wrecking Ball" broke the Vevo record
Source: https://twitter.com/MileyCyrus

Thanks to social media and the power of globalisation  it is now possible for anyone to become a celebrity anywhere. Its not HOW have celebrities changed, but the definition of celebrity has changed, and how the famous are using these platforms to gain a further audience. 

References:

Marshall, P. David, 2010. The Specular Economy. Springer Science Business Media, , pp 498-502.

Marshall, P. David, 2013. Persona Studies:Mapping the Proliferation of the public self. Sage Publications,  pp 2-18.

Sunday, 8 September 2013

Week 7: Participatory Media & Tinder


I've never really been into "gaming". Sure, I hopped onto the Candy Crush bandwagon back when it was popular but that's the extent to my gaming expertise. But why did I get into Candy Crush in the first place? Because the app was connected to my Facebook account, and allowed me to get competitive and interact  with my Facebook friends to see what level we were all on. 

This concept of participation has been described by Raessens (2005) as a way to "characterise not only the specificity of computer games but also the media culture that has formed around them". And this "media culture" and need for interactivity and participation can be seen everywhere from mobile phones and apps, to social media and the blogosphere.

A recent example of a non gaming participatory media culture that is taking the world by storm would be the app Tinder. Launched last year and with an estimated 500,000 users, Tinder connects your Facebook page to the app, then allows you to search for users near by. With Tinder you have the ability to reject or like people due to their photos which are synced from their Facebook accounts, then when two are "mutually matched" can interact with one another. This app has taken online dating and interactivity to the next level. With the ability to connect to others Facebook pages and interact with those who have an interest with you and you with them. The success of Tinder has already lead to weddings and according to the creator Sean Rad  there are quite a few celebrities that use the app too. Although I don't participate in the app I can't avoid the numerous stories that are floating around on the internet about it and the revolution that is Tinder. 

Although computer gaming is a popular medium for interaction and connectivity, there are thousands of other platforms for like minded individuals to connect and participate with one another. 


 Tinder: the app that helps you meet people for sex | Life and style | The Guardian . 2013. Available at:http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/shortcuts/2013/aug/16/tinder-app-meet-people-sex-celebrities.

Tinder: 5 Reasons The Dating App Works For Women. 2013.Available at:http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/03/tinder-women-reasons-it-works_n_3541428.html

Raessens, J 2005, ‘Computer games as participatory media culture’, Handbook of computer game studies 2005, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass, pp. 373-388



So addictive...
Source: www.heyzap.com 

Tinder App
Source: www.ryot.org -

Saturday, 31 August 2013

Week 6: Employment in the Blogosphere


"Didn't think my personal page/opinion of my day would get so much attention. What a lesson to learn. I've removed the post and regret making the comments I did."
This was Lily Fontana's, the infamous make up artists apology after criticising Prime Minister Kevin Rudd's behaviour towards her on Facebook. Ms Fontana was quite scathing towards the PM on her Facebook page stating "One of them was absolutely lovely, engaged in genuine conversation with me, acknowledge that I had a job to do and was very appreciative. The other did the exact opposite! Oh boy, I have ever had anyone treat me so badly."

Ms Fontana is an example of how many individuals these days are treating the blogosphere as their personal diaries and using the forum to be cynical towards their place of work or people they encounter through work. James Richards and Katarzyna Kosmala suggest that "being cynical about work can give an employee a sense of control and attachment to their own occupation" and that "blogs appear to represent an opportunity to share" (2013). Place these two together and you have a recipe for disaster. Lacoste salesman Wade Groom was fired from his job after he posted a picture of his pay slip on Instagram, breaching the confidentiality agreement he signed when he first joined. Grooms defence? "I guess I signed a confidentiality agreement with something about social media, but who reads those?"

So despite the many stories that the fourth estate report on in regards to individuals venting online in the blogosphere, why do people continue to do it? According to Schoneboom "studies have shown that employees can detach themselves from the pressures of employment  by making the use blogging platforms" (2007). People feel comfortable expressing their feelings in blog whereas they wouldn't feel as comfortable doing so in another situation, say to a union or senior member of staff.  Because blogging is not a typical form of "corporate culture" (Richards 2013) people feel as if their blogging posts are unlikely to have very little implications. However, with the examples of Lily Fontana and Wade Groom the implications of cynicism towards the workplace online have great implications and should make people think twice before they hit "post". 

References:

Richards, J., and Kosmala, K., 2013 ‘In the end, you can only slag people off for so long’: employee cynicism through work blogging’, New Technology, Work and Employment, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 68 – 77. 

Top Lacoste Salesman Posts Paycheck On Instagram, Gets Fired - Careers Articles. 2013. Available at:http://jobs.aol.com/articles/2013/08/07/top-lacoste-salesman-proudly-shows-paycheck-online-gets-fired/.

Make-up artist Lily Fontana slams"rude" Kevin Rudd after People's Forum thetelegraph.com.au. 2013. Available at:http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/special-features/makeup-artist-lily-fontana-slams-8216rude8217-kevin-rudd-after-people8217s-forum/story-fnho52jp-1226701851346. 







The Lacoste employees payslip 

Lily Fontana's original post on the PM's behaviour

Friday, 23 August 2013

Week 5: Prosumer Culture and My Identity



Toffler defines prosumers as "people who produce some of the goods and services entering their own consumption". Therefore in a way I believe that we are all prosumers to some extent.

From the clothes that people produce or consume to the meals that you cook and consume, these tangible and materialistic goods are all a way of showing people our identity without having to verbally describe it. For example, I'm a prosumer by filling up my car with twenty dollars worth of fuel each time because I'm a student and thats all I can afford. It reflects my identity but also its makes me a prosumer as I'm a consumer "being put to work" (Ritzer, 2010). However, after the rise of Web 2.0 there has been a "dramatic explosion in prosumption." (Ritzer, 2010). 

With social media as a platform for people to easily create their identity and express their opinion online, it has been a "facilitator as a ‘means of prosumption’." (Ritzer, 2010). For example, I can tweet my favourite TV show live with my opinion and have my tweet displayed on screen, therefore this contributes to me being a prosumer. Not only do social networking sites allow users to produce online communities and interaction with other users it has allowed for people to reinvent their identities or create entirely new ones. Youtube, is another example of prosumerism at its finest. A multi billion dollar user generated company where people produce then upload videos of anything for public consumption. Its a perfect vehicle in the modern age for individuals to express their identity.  

Within my work at a cosmetics company I help run the social media and the public relations function. Not only am I consumer of the product, as I use the make up regularly, but I am also a producer in the sense that I market the product through my personal use of it. Therefore in my identity as an employee I am a prosumer too. 

This  proves that we cannot ignore prosumer culture, it helps define our identity and it features in many different aspects of our lives. 

 References:

Philip Kotler (1986) ,"The Prosumer Movement : a New Challenge For Marketers", in NA - Advances in Consumer Research Volume 13, eds. Richard J. Lutz, Provo, UT : Association for Consumer Research, Pages: 510-513.

Ritzer, George and Jurgenson, Nathan 2010 ‘Production, Consumption, Prosumption: The nature of capitalism in the age of the digital ‘prosumer’, Journal of Consumer Culture, vol. 10 no. 1, pp 13-36. 







A popular prosumer platform
Source: www.rudyhuyn.com 

Saturday, 10 August 2013

Week 4: Counterfeit Cosmetics & Cover Up Tactics


"From the catwalks of London to the rubbish heaps of Kampala the impact of fast fashion is wide and deep"
-Jack Garland

Due to the impact of globalisation and the desire for designer brands at high street prices, fashion knock offs and counterfeits are becoming increasingly popular around the world.  In fact, in 2011 designer knock offs contributed to 7% of world trade and is a $600 billion industry (Felice, 2011). The fashion industry loses up to 9.2 billion dollars a year due to designer counterfeiting (Felice 2011) not to mention the amount of jobs lost due to this piracy, yet the American government has still not allowed for there to be laws against copying garments. District Court Judge Jack Weinstein stated "Congress and the Supreme Court have answered in favour of Commerce and the masses rather than the artist, designers and the well to do". Due to the concern of the population and lack of protection for designers the effect is that piracy will continue to prevail in all industries and the allure of designer brands will be eroded

An example of designer counterfeit in Australia would be the fake MAC cosmetics that were sold in Target last year. Estee Lauder, the company who owns MAC, exposed that the products that were sold in Target were indeed fake forcing the company to strip the products off their shelves. The US supplier who sold the poor quality products to Target conveniently vanished leaving Estee Lauder to take Target to court over the misuse of the MAC trademark. According to Martin et. al "perpetrators typically try to hide any of their actions likely to be perceived as unjust"(2010) as a cover up tactic. Despite Estee Lauder exposing the counterfeit products Target was adamant that the products were actually real, attempting to cover up their poor judgement and trying not to damage the brand any further. Targets tactic to cover up the authenticity of the MAC products was reckless in the context of risking customer safety because they continued to promote products that had not been fully tested and the argument  that they didn't know the products were fake is not valid because ignorance is no defence. 

Although there is some legislation to protect originality there are still loop holes in the system where counterfeits get through. Due to the pace of globalisation and consumerism the law is struggling to keep up and tactics that corporations use to protect their integrity are not always effective. 

References: 

Martin, B, Moore, C and Salter, C. 2010, ‘Sharing music files: tactics of a challenge to the industry’, First Monday, vol. 15, no. 12, [available:http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2986/2680]. 

Felice, K, 2011. FASHIONING A SOLUTION FOR DESIGN PIRACY: CONSIDERING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW IN THE GLOBAL CONTEXT OF FAST FASHION.. Syracuse Journal of International Law & Commerce., Vol. 39 , p219-247.

Target left blushing over MAC make-up case. 2013. Available at:http://www.smh.com.au/business/target-left-blushing-over-mac-makeup-case-20130618-2ofdf.html. 

Target left wearing fake cosmetics as US supplier vanishes. 2013. Available at: http://www.theage.com.au/business/target-left-wearing-fake-cosmetics-as-us-supplier-vanishes-20130505-2j1ao.html





Ricky Martin and Nicki Minaj for MAC
Source: http://www.justjared.com/2011/11/18/nicki-minaj-ricky-martin-macs-viva-glam-campaign/

The MAC Products on display at Target
Source: http://www.theplasticdiaries.com/beauty/mac-cosmetics-sold-in-target-australia-official-legal-statements-and-my-opinion